Moktisiug-machine



UNTTFD STATES TFiNT OFFICE.

VILLlAlS/I KEGG, OF LASSELLSVILLE, NEU" YCRK.

MORTISINGr-IVIAC-IINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 23,586, dated April 12, 1859-.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knoivn that I, limitait KEGG, of Lassellsville, in the county of Fulton and State of New York, have invented a nevi7 and Improved Machine for Mortising, Boring', and Tenoning; and T do hereby declare that the following' is a full and exact de-I scription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

Figure l, being a plan of the machine; Fig. 2, a front elevation thereof; Fig-3, a vertical section thereof, in the plane indicated by the line 'w fw, Fig. l; Fig. il, a vertical section thereof, in the plane indicated by the line a', Fig. l; Fig. 5, a front ele vation of the upper part of the machine, representing it arranged for the special purpose of boring and mortising the hubs of carriage Wheels; Fig. 6, a plan of a portion detached; Fig. T, a vertical section of a portion of the machine. in the plane indicated by the line al a", Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a vertical section of the boring attachment shown in Fig. 5; Figs. 9, and l0, plan, and vertical section of a detached part; Figs. ll, and l2, front view and edge vieuv of the tenoning chisels; Fig. lf3, vieiv in perspective, of the mortising chisel.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A, frame A. of any suitable torni and construct-ion, and generally made of some hard and firm Wood, is provided, having tivo upright standards, between which a vertically sliding frame B, is situated, for bearing the chisels and boring instruments to be used. The said sliding' frame is ordinarily made of cast-iron, and is guided between suitable Ways Z, Z. The poiver for mostordinary purposes may be communicated to this sliding frame by the foot of the operator, acting on a treadle l), which is connected with the sliding frame by a comiecting rod C. Any other power may be employed for driving the machine, and communicated to the sliding frame, by a pitman, or in any convenient manner. lVhen the sliding fratrie is depressed by means of the treadle D, represented, l use a spring l, of some elastic Wood, for raising the sliding Jframe again, after each moven'ient of the treadle, the loiver end of said spring being attached to the bottom of the .frame it, and the upper end thereof, to the upper end of the sliding frame, so that it can readily7 be removed. It

is situated behind the machine, as shoivn in Figs. l, and 4; and from its being made of Wood, by relieving it of its fiexure, at any time, when not in use, it naturally tends to straighten again, and thus renews its elasticity. This quality of the Wooden spring, and its cheapness and readiness of replacing, recommend its employment before any other kind of spring.

The head L, of the sliding frame B, for receiving the tools, is provided With a` slot- 7i, through Which the screws-z', 2f, for securing it to the sliding frame project; which enables the head to slide forward and backward, for the purpose of adjusting the tools to any position required over the Work. Instead of the particular mode of adjusting the sliding head L, represented, any other convenient mode may be employed.

The bed on Which the work to be done, is

placed, is composed essentially of a bede piece E, and a sliding, adjusting and feeding table G, situated on said bed-piece. The bed-piece is supported by a standard F, projecting vertically downward therefrom, and resting upon a cross-piece I, of the frame below; and it is held lirmly in position against the standards of the frame A, by means of hooks a, a, and cross which is tightened back .in a cross-piece of the frame by a hand screw c, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4l. Upon the shank of the cross b, the bed-piece turns When the screw c, is loosed, so that the bed may be set in an exactly horizontal position, or be caused to incline, more or less, as for instance, in mortising the hubs, and making the tenons on the spokes of carriage Wheels in order to obtain the dish given to the spokes of the Wheels. For such uses, I employ a scale g, to determine the degree of inclination of the bed, on the face of the cross-piece I, concentric with the motion of the bed-piece; and use the standard F, suitably pointed or terminated at the bottom, for an index in connection with said scale, substantially as represented.

The adjusting and feeding table Gr, is situated and allowed to slide endvvise upon the plane upper surface of the bed-piece E. It is held accurately and tightly in place upon said bed-piece, While, at the same time, its longitudinal movement is not impeded, by means of a key-tenen T, (thus denominated) substantially of the form shown in Fig. 4. This consists of a block, driven tightly into a socket in the bed-piece, and

drawings. In connection with the scales, I employ a movable index, or pointer, j, adjustable in a slot c, in the bed-piece E, substantially as represented. The use of the upper scale to determine the length, and to center the position upon the feeding plate, of articles, such as carriage hubs, requiring it; and the use of the lower scale, in connection with the pointer j", is to determine the central position of the feeding table, relatively to the chisels and boring tools, and also to determine by exact measurement the extent to which the cutting should proceed. It also serres the purpose of locating mortises or holes at any distance to one side of the center. Thus, to illustrate these different uses, suppose a carriage hub is to be mortised, to receive the spokes. It is mounted, as shown in Fig. 5, in adjusting standards V, V, which are movable in slots 71, 7i, formed in the feeding-table G, where they are secured in any position by means of binders U, U, and tightening keys to, te, arranged as clearly indi rated in Fig. 7. By means of the upper scale, and the numbers thereof running in opposite directions, thus indicating where the standards V, V, are both to be situated, it is easy to locate the hub a., in a central position on the feeding table. Then by plac ing the j'iointer f, at the central point, and bringing the central line of the scales directly over it, the hub is brought to a precisely central position on the machine. Then, as it is usual to make the spoke mortise a little back of the center of the hub, say half an inch, the pointer is moved one half that distance (or el; of an inch) to one side, and the feeding table is moved, the same distance, centrally over it, thus locating the mortise at the required distance from the center of the hub. Then the proper dish is determined for the spokes, by moving the index IF, on the scale g, as far as required. Finally, while inertising, if the mortises are, for instance, two inches in length, then by feeding along till the pointer indicates one inch from the center, the mortises are completed in that direction, and when the feed is reversed, the same distance in the other direction will indicate the completion of the other end of the mortise. After the length of one mortise is determined by the scale, the stops Q, Q, are set, and the rest of the mortises are gaged without further care or attention.

For tenoning, and for mortising straight timber, I employ an auxiliary table H, which is secured upon the top of the feeding table G, and may be o-f any length, and adapted to the different purposes of its use. It may also have any convenient means of adjusting its height to suit the size of the articles to be mortised, and the depth of the mortises. But for tenoning, it is placed immediately .upon the feeding table G; and it is provided with a gage-stop (Fig. 4,) against which a projection il, on the sliding-frame B, strikes, and is arranged in such a position that the edgeof the tenoning chisel will be allowed just to reach and touch the upper surface of the auxiliary table. Thus aperfect tenon is formed, without ever chipping the edges thereof, or cutting the table.

In the front of the sliding head L, is a socket for receiving the mortising, boring, and tenoning tools; and a tightening screw s, for securing the saine in place. F or holding the mortising chisels, a tubular socket i', Figs. 9, and l0, is employed, being of the proper size and shape to fit into the socket of the sliding head L, wherein it is fastened by said screw s. llVithin this tubular socket is situated the tool-holder Z', which is allowed to turn in the socket. A handle m, projects from the upper end of the tool holder, and immediately beneath the same is a spring plate c, projecting in opposite directions from the top of the socket t. A notch n, is made in each end of this plate, substantially as shown; into either of which the lower edge of the handle m', fits, the elasticity of the plate c, causing it to remain therein, without preventing its ready removal by the application of a little force of the hand. The object of this arrangement is to enable the mortising chisels to be quickly reversed for cutting the two ends of the inortises.

In mortising hubs (or any similar articles) wherein a number of mortises are made in the same piece, in succession, one half of all the mortises may first be made, and then the other half. In such cases, I simply secure the chisel in the socket of the sliding head L, since the chisel is not required to be reversed so often, and is held rather more firmly than in the tubular socket.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The method of feeding along the work, as specified, consisting essentially of the feeding wedge, or wedges, M, M, combined with the arms, or projections, N, N, sliding bolts O, O, and adjustable cams P, P, and arranged in connect-ion with the feeding table Gr, frame A, and sliding frame B, sub stantially in the manner herein described.

2. I also claim the adjustable stops Q, Q, and notches m, m in the wedges M, M, with their suspending hooks or staples a, u, arranged as described, in combination with the feeding apparatus, for the purpose set forth.

3. 1 also claim the combination of the double scale d, on the face of the feeding table Gr, with the movable or adjustable pointer f, in the bed-piece E, arranged and operating in the manner and for the purposes specified.

4:. I also claim the supporting index standard F, in combination'with the scale g, and erly securing and tightening the said table arrangement a, 0;, b, 0, for adjusting the bedo`n the bed-peceE, While7 at the same time, 10 piece of the feeding table in position, and the desired freedom of its motion is allowed,

securing it in place, substantially as desubstantially as set forth. scribed. WM. KEGG.

5. I also claim the key-tenen T7 fitting Vitnesrses: Y into the oblique groove 0, in the bottom of J.V S. BROWN, the feeding table G, for the purpose of propl E. N. SMITH.

e. 1. KING-Saum.

Magazine Stove.

Patented April 12,`1859.`

Nl TNES SES 

